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Showing posts from January, 2018

Letter of credit and types of LC

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Letter of credit A commercial letter of credit or documentary credit maybe defined as an instrument,usually issued by a bank at the request and for the account of its client which indicates that the bank agrees to pay to the named beneficiary a sum of money upon the presentation of certain documents. The use of letter credit for financing export shipments has long been popular with exporters.A l etter of credit is only as good as the bank that issues it and if confirmed the bank that confirms it. Types of Letter of credit   1.Revocable and irrevocable A revocable letter of credit can be changed or cancelled by the bank that issued it at any time and for any reason. An irrevocable letter of credit cannot be changed or cancelled unless everyone involved agrees. Irrevocable letters of credit provide more security than revocable ones. 2.Confirmed and unconfirmed  When the Letter of credit is guaranteed by adding payment confirmation by the advis...

4 important documents in international shipping

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Whether you are an importing pro or a newcomer to the industry, there are four documents that will be required in order to get any business done: Bill of Lading, Certificate of Origins, Commercial Invoice, and Packing List. Without the four documents listed above, it is impossible to move goods and receive payment. 1.Bill of Lading 2.Certificate of Origin 3.Commercial Invoice 4.Packing List Bill of lading The bill of lading is a required document to move a freight shipment. The bill of lading (BOL) works as a receipt of freight services, a contract between a freight carrier and shipper and a document of title. The bill of lading is a legally binding document providing the driver and the carrier all the details needed to process the freight shipment and invoice it correctly. The BoL contains important information such as: Who is the shipper and who is the consignee Which carrier issued the BoL The freight forwarders who have had and will have the shipment The...
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What is blockchain technology? The blockchain is a digital ledger that keeps a record of all transaction taking place on a peer to peer network.All information transferred via blockchain is encrypted and every occurrence recorded meaning it can not be altered. It is decentralized so there is no need for any central certifying authority.It can be used for much more than the currency, contracts, records and other kinds of data can be shared.Encrypted information can be shared  across multiple providers without risk of a privacy breach. The core value of a blockchain is that it enables a database to be directly shared without a central administrator. Rather than having some centralized application logic, blockchain transactions have their own proof of validity and authorization to enforce the constraints. Hence, with the blockchain acting as a consensus mechanism to ensure the nodes stay in sync, transactions can be verified and processed independently. ADVANTAGES Autom...

Block Chain Technology & Supply Chain

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What is blockchain? The blockchain is a digital ledger that keeps a record of all transaction taking place on a peer to peer network.All information transferred via blockchain is encrypted and every occurrence recorded meaning it can not be altered.  It is decentralized so there is no need for any central certifying authority.It can be used for much more than the currency, contracts, records and other kinds of data can be shared.Encrypted information can be shared across multiple providers without risk of a privacy breach.  Blockchains are a technology of tomorrow, not today A combination of new technologies artificial intelligence, big data, machine learning, the internet of things, mobile money, digital identity and, most importantly, 3D printing is poised to seriously disrupt these underlying processes. They'll make manufacturing more responsive and customizable to customer's orders in effect, turning  supply  chains into  demand  chain...